The Second Great Awakening

The Second Great Awakening

The second great Awakening was an evangelical religious movement of the early 19th century centered on outdoor revivals and social reform. The campaign started around 1800, gained momentum in 1820, and was in decline in 1870. These were groups of do-gooders who wanted to make society better. It began in the churches, and it was a revival that spoke the message that God wants individuals to do good deeds and perfect society.

Ideas of Second Great Awakening

• People must readmit God and Jesus into their lives 

• Must reject rationalism that threatened beliefs 

• No longer focused on Predestination

•Social reforms began to speak out about temperance and prison reform.

Leaders of Second Great Awakening

Charles Grandison Finney

He was an influential leader who believed each person was responsible for his salvation. Should prove faith by doing good works

Lyman Beecher 

Church membership increased significantly during his period.

Utopian Communities

A perfect political and social system on an imaginary land

Goals of Utopian communities

•To separate from mainstream American society and form more perfect communities free of competition and social inequality.

•Encouraged educated, hard-working people to share property and live in harmony.

•Practiced moral perfection and gender equality.

•To create self-sufficient communities where people could have similar goals and live out their ideal beliefs.

Life in Utopian communities and Onedia Colony

A utopian society is an ideal society. These societies and their institutions treat all citizens equally and with dignity, and people live there without any fear.

Here are some principal doctrines of Onedia Colony

Mutual criticism

Confession

Separation

Equality of the sexes 

Complex marriage

Male continence

Regeneration

Free love

Major ideas and leaders of the Women's movement and the Abolition movement

During the late 18th century and early 19th century, women's organizations worked to gain the right to vote and worked for large based economic, political equality, and social reforms.

Their main goals included equal access to employment and education, equality within marriage, custody over bee children, and control over her own body.

Women's Movement leaders

Several activists joined the women's rights movement

Lucy Stone

Wendell Phillips

Amelia Bloomer

Elizabeth Smith Miller

Susan B.Anthony

Abby Kelley Foster

                                    Abolition Movement

The abolition movement in the United States of America was an effort to end slavery in a nation that valued personal freedom and believed all men are created equal. Slavery was practiced throughout the American colonies in the 17th and 18th centuries, and African-American slaves helped build the new nation’s economic foundations. Abolitionism was a historical movement of the Atlantic slave trade and liberated the enslaved people. 

Leaders of Abolition Movement

John Brown

Frederick Douglass

Sojourner Truth 

Harris Beecher Stowe